调用 method.invoke() 方法
@CallerSensitive
public Object invoke(Object obj, Object... args)
throws IllegalAccessException, IllegalArgumentException,
InvocationTargetException
{
if (!override) {
if (!Reflection.quickCheckMemberAccess(clazz, modifiers)) {
Class<?> caller = Reflection.getCallerClass();
checkAccess(caller, clazz, obj, modifiers);
}
}
MethodAccessor ma = methodAccessor; // read volatile
if (ma == null) {
ma = acquireMethodAccessor();
}
return ma.invoke(obj, args);
}
invoke时,是通过 MethodAccessor 进行调用的,而 MethodAccessor 是个接口,在第一次时调用 acquireMethodAccessor() 进行新创建。
// probably make the implementation more scalable.
private MethodAccessor acquireMethodAccessor() {
// First check to see if one has been created yet, and take it
// if so
MethodAccessor tmp = null;
if (root != null) tmp = root.getMethodAccessor();
if (tmp != null) {
// 存在缓存时,存入 methodAccessor,否则调用 ReflectionFactory 创建新的 MethodAccessor
methodAccessor = tmp;
} else {
// Otherwise fabricate one and propagate it up to the root
tmp = reflectionFactory.newMethodAccessor(this);
setMethodAccessor(tmp);
}
return tmp;
}
// sun.reflect.ReflectionFactory
public MethodAccessor newMethodAccessor(Method method) {
checkInitted();
if (noInflation && !ReflectUtil.isVMAnonymousClass(method.getDeclaringClass())) {
return new MethodAccessorGenerator().
generateMethod(method.getDeclaringClass(),
method.getName(),
method.getParameterTypes(),
method.getReturnType(),
method.getExceptionTypes(),
method.getModifiers());
} else {
NativeMethodAccessorImpl acc =
new NativeMethodAccessorImpl(method);
DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl res =
new DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl(acc);
acc.setParent(res);
return res;
}
}
两个Accessor详情:
// NativeMethodAccessorImpl / DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl
class NativeMethodAccessorImpl extends MethodAccessorImpl {
private final Method method;
private DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl parent;
private int numInvocations;
NativeMethodAccessorImpl(Method method) {
this.method = method;
}
public Object invoke(Object obj, Object[] args)
throws IllegalArgumentException, InvocationTargetException
{
// We can't inflate methods belonging to vm-anonymous classes because
// that kind of class can't be referred to by name, hence can't be
// found from the generated bytecode.
if (++numInvocations > ReflectionFactory.inflationThreshold()
&& !ReflectUtil.isVMAnonymousClass(method.getDeclaringClass())) {
MethodAccessorImpl acc = (MethodAccessorImpl)
new MethodAccessorGenerator().
generateMethod(method.getDeclaringClass(),
method.getName(),
method.getParameterTypes(),
method.getReturnType(),
method.getExceptionTypes(),
method.getModifiers());
parent.setDelegate(acc);
}
return invoke0(method, obj, args);
}
void setParent(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl parent) {
this.parent = parent;
}
private static native Object invoke0(Method m, Object obj, Object[] args);
}
class DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl extends MethodAccessorImpl {
private MethodAccessorImpl delegate;
DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl(MethodAccessorImpl delegate) {
setDelegate(delegate);
}
public Object invoke(Object obj, Object[] args)
throws IllegalArgumentException, InvocationTargetException
{
return delegate.invoke(obj, args);
}
void setDelegate(MethodAccessorImpl delegate) {
this.delegate = delegate;
}
}
进行 ma.invoke(obj, args); 调用时,调用 DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke();
最后被委托到 NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(), 即:
public Object invoke(Object obj, Object[] args)
throws IllegalArgumentException, InvocationTargetException
{
// We can't inflate methods belonging to vm-anonymous classes because
// that kind of class can't be referred to by name, hence can't be
// found from the generated bytecode.
if (++numInvocations > ReflectionFactory.inflationThreshold()
&& !ReflectUtil.isVMAnonymousClass(method.getDeclaringClass())) {
MethodAccessorImpl acc = (MethodAccessorImpl)
new MethodAccessorGenerator().
generateMethod(method.getDeclaringClass(),
method.getName(),
method.getParameterTypes(),
method.getReturnType(),
method.getExceptionTypes(),
method.getModifiers());
parent.setDelegate(acc);
}
// invoke0 是个 native 方法,由jvm进行调用业务方法。从而完成反射调用功能。
return invoke0(method, obj, args);
}
其中, generateMethod() 是生成具体类的方法:
/** This routine is not thread-safe */
public MethodAccessor generateMethod(Class<?> declaringClass,
String name,
Class<?>[] parameterTypes,
Class<?> returnType,
Class<?>[] checkedExceptions,
int modifiers)
{
return (MethodAccessor) generate(declaringClass,
name,
parameterTypes,
returnType,
checkedExceptions,
modifiers,
false,
false,
null);
}
generate() 戳详情。
/** This routine is not thread-safe */
private MagicAccessorImpl generate(final Class<?> declaringClass,
String name,
Class<?>[] parameterTypes,
Class<?> returnType,
Class<?>[] checkedExceptions,
int modifiers,
boolean isConstructor,
boolean forSerialization,
Class<?> serializationTargetClass)
{
ByteVector vec = ByteVectorFactory.create();
asm = new ClassFileAssembler(vec);
this.declaringClass = declaringClass;
this.parameterTypes = parameterTypes;
this.returnType = returnType;
this.modifiers = modifiers;
this.isConstructor = isConstructor;
this.forSerialization = forSerialization;
asm.emitMagicAndVersion();
// Constant pool entries:
// ( * = Boxing information: optional)
// (+ = Shared entries provided by AccessorGenerator)
// (^ = Only present if generating SerializationConstructorAccessor)
// [UTF-8] [This class's name]
// [CONSTANT_Class_info] for above
// [UTF-8] "sun/reflect/{MethodAccessorImpl,ConstructorAccessorImpl,SerializationConstructorAccessorImpl}"
// [CONSTANT_Class_info] for above
// [UTF-8] [Target class's name]
// [CONSTANT_Class_info] for above
// ^ [UTF-8] [Serialization: Class's name in which to invoke constructor]
// ^ [CONSTANT_Class_info] for above
// [UTF-8] target method or constructor name
// [UTF-8] target method or constructor signature
// [CONSTANT_NameAndType_info] for above
// [CONSTANT_Methodref_info or CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref_info] for target method
// [UTF-8] "invoke" or "newInstance"
// [UTF-8] invoke or newInstance descriptor
// [UTF-8] descriptor for type of non-primitive parameter 1
// [CONSTANT_Class_info] for type of non-primitive parameter 1
// ...
// [UTF-8] descriptor for type of non-primitive parameter n
// [CONSTANT_Class_info] for type of non-primitive parameter n
// + [UTF-8] "java/lang/Exception"
// + [CONSTANT_Class_info] for above
// + [UTF-8] "java/lang/ClassCastException"
// + [CONSTANT_Class_info] for above
// + [UTF-8] "java/lang/NullPointerException"
// + [CONSTANT_Class_info] for above
// + [UTF-8] "java/lang/IllegalArgumentException"
// + [CONSTANT_Class_info] for above
// + [UTF-8] "java/lang/InvocationTargetException"
// + [CONSTANT_Class_info] for above
// + [UTF-8] "<init>"
// + [UTF-8] "()V"
// + [CONSTANT_NameAndType_info] for above
// + [CONSTANT_Methodref_info] for NullPointerException's constructor
// + [CONSTANT_Methodref_info] for IllegalArgumentException's constructor
// + [UTF-8] "(Ljava/lang/String;)V"
// + [CONSTANT_NameAndType_info] for "<init>(Ljava/lang/String;)V"
// + [CONSTANT_Methodref_info] for IllegalArgumentException's constructor taking a String
// + [UTF-8] "(Ljava/lang/Throwable;)V"
// + [CONSTANT_NameAndType_info] for "<init>(Ljava/lang/Throwable;)V"
// + [CONSTANT_Methodref_info] for InvocationTargetException's constructor
// + [CONSTANT_Methodref_info] for "super()"
// + [UTF-8] "java/lang/Object"
// + [CONSTANT_Class_info] for above
// + [UTF-8] "toString"
// + [UTF-8] "()Ljava/lang/String;"
// + [CONSTANT_NameAndType_info] for "toString()Ljava/lang/String;"
// + [CONSTANT_Methodref_info] for Object's toString method
// + [UTF-8] "Code"
// + [UTF-8] "Exceptions"
// * [UTF-8] "java/lang/Boolean"
// * [CONSTANT_Class_info] for above
// * [UTF-8] "(Z)V"
// * [CONSTANT_NameAndType_info] for above
// * [CONSTANT_Methodref_info] for above
// * [UTF-8] "booleanValue"
// * [UTF-8] "()Z"
// * [CONSTANT_NameAndType_info] for above
// * [CONSTANT_Methodref_info] for above
// * [UTF-8] "java/lang/Byte"
// * [CONSTANT_Class_info] for above
// * [UTF-8] "(B)V"
// * [CONSTANT_NameAndType_info] for above
// * [CONSTANT_Methodref_info] for above
// * [UTF-8] "byteValue"
// * [UTF-8] "()B"
// * [CONSTANT_NameAndType_info] for above
// * [CONSTANT_Methodref_info] for above
// * [UTF-8] "java/lang/Character"
// * [CONSTANT_Class_info] for above
// * [UTF-8] "(C)V"
// * [CONSTANT_NameAndType_info] for above
// * [CONSTANT_Methodref_info] for above
// * [UTF-8] "charValue"
// * [UTF-8] "()C"
// * [CONSTANT_NameAndType_info] for above
// * [CONSTANT_Methodref_info] for above
// * [UTF-8] "java/lang/Double"
// * [CONSTANT_Class_info] for above
// * [UTF-8] "(D)V"
// * [CONSTANT_NameAndType_info] for above
// * [CONSTANT_Methodref_info] for above
// * [UTF-8] "doubleValue"
// * [UTF-8] "()D"
// * [CONSTANT_NameAndType_info] for above
// * [CONSTANT_Methodref_info] for above
// * [UTF-8] "java/lang/Float"
// * [CONSTANT_Class_info] for above
// * [UTF-8] "(F)V"
// * [CONSTANT_NameAndType_info] for above
// * [CONSTANT_Methodref_info] for above
// * [UTF-8] "floatValue"
// * [UTF-8] "()F"
// * [CONSTANT_NameAndType_info] for above
// * [CONSTANT_Methodref_info] for above
// * [UTF-8] "java/lang/Integer"
// * [CONSTANT_Class_info] for above
// * [UTF-8] "(I)V"
// * [CONSTANT_NameAndType_info] for above
// * [CONSTANT_Methodref_info] for above
// * [UTF-8] "intValue"
// * [UTF-8] "()I"
// * [CONSTANT_NameAndType_info] for above
// * [CONSTANT_Methodref_info] for above
// * [UTF-8] "java/lang/Long"
// * [CONSTANT_Class_info] for above
// * [UTF-8] "(J)V"
// * [CONSTANT_NameAndType_info] for above
// * [CONSTANT_Methodref_info] for above
// * [UTF-8] "longValue"
// * [UTF-8] "()J"
// * [CONSTANT_NameAndType_info] for above
// * [CONSTANT_Methodref_info] for above
// * [UTF-8] "java/lang/Short"
// * [CONSTANT_Class_info] for above
// * [UTF-8] "(S)V"
// * [CONSTANT_NameAndType_info] for above
// * [CONSTANT_Methodref_info] for above
// * [UTF-8] "shortValue"
// * [UTF-8] "()S"
// * [CONSTANT_NameAndType_info] for above
// * [CONSTANT_Methodref_info] for above
short numCPEntries = NUM_BASE_CPOOL_ENTRIES + NUM_COMMON_CPOOL_ENTRIES;
boolean usesPrimitives = usesPrimitiveTypes();
if (usesPrimitives) {
numCPEntries += NUM_BOXING_CPOOL_ENTRIES;
}
if (forSerialization) {
numCPEntries += NUM_SERIALIZATION_CPOOL_ENTRIES;
}
// Add in variable-length number of entries to be able to describe
// non-primitive parameter types and checked exceptions.
numCPEntries += (short) (2 * numNonPrimitiveParameterTypes());
asm.emitShort(add(numCPEntries, S1));
final String generatedName = generateName(isConstructor, forSerialization);
asm.emitConstantPoolUTF8(generatedName);
asm.emitConstantPoolClass(asm.cpi());
thisClass = asm.cpi();
if (isConstructor) {
if (forSerialization) {
asm.emitConstantPoolUTF8
("sun/reflect/SerializationConstructorAccessorImpl");
} else {
asm.emitConstantPoolUTF8("sun/reflect/ConstructorAccessorImpl");
}
} else {
asm.emitConstantPoolUTF8("sun/reflect/MethodAccessorImpl");
}
asm.emitConstantPoolClass(asm.cpi());
superClass = asm.cpi();
asm.emitConstantPoolUTF8(getClassName(declaringClass, false));
asm.emitConstantPoolClass(asm.cpi());
targetClass = asm.cpi();
short serializationTargetClassIdx = (short) 0;
if (forSerialization) {
asm.emitConstantPoolUTF8(getClassName(serializationTargetClass, false));
asm.emitConstantPoolClass(asm.cpi());
serializationTargetClassIdx = asm.cpi();
}
asm.emitConstantPoolUTF8(name);
asm.emitConstantPoolUTF8(buildInternalSignature());
asm.emitConstantPoolNameAndType(sub(asm.cpi(), S1), asm.cpi());
if (isInterface()) {
asm.emitConstantPoolInterfaceMethodref(targetClass, asm.cpi());
} else {
if (forSerialization) {
asm.emitConstantPoolMethodref(serializationTargetClassIdx, asm.cpi());
} else {
asm.emitConstantPoolMethodref(targetClass, asm.cpi());
}
}
targetMethodRef = asm.cpi();
if (isConstructor) {
asm.emitConstantPoolUTF8("newInstance");
} else {
asm.emitConstantPoolUTF8("invoke");
}
invokeIdx = asm.cpi();
if (isConstructor) {
asm.emitConstantPoolUTF8("([Ljava/lang/Object;)Ljava/lang/Object;");
} else {
asm.emitConstantPoolUTF8
("(Ljava/lang/Object;[Ljava/lang/Object;)Ljava/lang/Object;");
}
invokeDescriptorIdx = asm.cpi();
// Output class information for non-primitive parameter types
nonPrimitiveParametersBaseIdx = add(asm.cpi(), S2);
for (int i = 0; i < parameterTypes.length; i++) {
Class<?> c = parameterTypes;
if (!isPrimitive(c)) {
asm.emitConstantPoolUTF8(getClassName(c, false));
asm.emitConstantPoolClass(asm.cpi());
}
}
// Entries common to FieldAccessor, MethodAccessor and ConstructorAccessor
emitCommonConstantPoolEntries();
// Boxing entries
if (usesPrimitives) {
emitBoxingContantPoolEntries();
}
if (asm.cpi() != numCPEntries) {
throw new InternalError("Adjust this code (cpi = " + asm.cpi() +
", numCPEntries = " + numCPEntries + ")");
}
// Access flags
asm.emitShort(ACC_PUBLIC);
// This class
asm.emitShort(thisClass);
// Superclass
asm.emitShort(superClass);
// Interfaces count and interfaces
asm.emitShort(S0);
// Fields count and fields
asm.emitShort(S0);
// Methods count and methods
asm.emitShort(NUM_METHODS);
emitConstructor();
emitInvoke();
// Additional attributes (none)
asm.emitShort(S0);
// Load class
vec.trim();
final byte[] bytes = vec.getData();
// Note: the class loader is the only thing that really matters
// here -- it's important to get the generated code into the
// same namespace as the target class. Since the generated code
// is privileged anyway, the protection domain probably doesn't
// matter.
return AccessController.doPrivileged(
new PrivilegedAction<MagicAccessorImpl>() {
public MagicAccessorImpl run() {
try {
return (MagicAccessorImpl)
ClassDefiner.defineClass
(generatedName,
bytes,
0,
bytes.length,
declaringClass.getClassLoader()).newInstance();
} catch (InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException e) {
throw new InternalError(e);
}
}
});
}
咱们主要看这一句:ClassDefiner.defineClass(xx, declaringClass.getClassLoader()).newInstance();
在ClassDefiner.defineClass方法实现中,每被调用一次都会生成一个DelegatingClassLoader类加载器对象 ,这里每次都生成新的类加载器,是为了性能考虑,在某些情况下可以卸载这些生成的类,因为类的卸载是只有在类加载器可以被回收的情况下才会被回收的,如果用了原来的类加载器,那可能导致这些新创建的类一直无法被卸载。
而反射生成的类,有时候可能用了就可以卸载了,所以使用其独立的类加载器,从而使得更容易控制反射类的生命周期。
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原文链接:https://pdai.tech/md/java/basic/java-basic-x-reflection.html
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